By Enouch 
The introduction of the Free SHS (Senior High School) program in Ghana has been a significant milestone in the country’s education sector. This policy, spearheaded by President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo, aims to provide free and quality education to all Ghanaian students at the SHS level. Despite facing criticism and challenges, the long-term benefits of this initiative are expected to vindicate the president’s bold decision.
“A government may not be able to make every citizen rich. But, with political will and responsible leadership, a government can help create a society of opportunities and empowerment for every citizen, and I know no better way to do so but through access to education”.
(Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo. Official launch of Free Senior High School. Tuesday, September 12, 2017)
Background of Free SHS
Implemented in September 2017, the Free SHS policy has made education accessible to hundreds of thousands of students who would have otherwise been unable to afford it. The initiative covers tuition fees, textbooks, boarding, and other related costs, ensuring that every Ghanaian child has the opportunity to receive a senior high school education. This move is seen as a significant step towards achieving equitable education and improving the nation’s literacy rates.
Immediate Impact on Education
Increased Enrollment
The introduction of Free SHS has led to a significant increase in student enrollment across the country. More students are now able to attend senior high school without the financial burden that previously hindered their access to education. This surge in enrollment is a testament to the program’s success in making education more inclusive.
Infrastructure Challenges
However, the rapid increase in student numbers has also brought about infrastructural challenges. Many schools are struggling with overcrowded classrooms and inadequate facilities. The government is working to address these issues by investing in new infrastructure projects and expanding existing ones to accommodate the growing student population.
Long-Term Benefits
Human Capital Development
In the long term, the Free SHS policy is expected to yield significant benefits for Ghana’s human capital development. An educated population is essential for the country’s socio-economic growth and development. By providing free education, the policy ensures that more Ghanaians are equipped with the knowledge and skills needed to contribute to national development.
Reduction in Social Inequality
The Free SHS initiative also plays a crucial role in reducing social inequality. By making education accessible to all, regardless of their financial background, the policy helps to level the playing field and provide equal opportunities for all Ghanaian children. This, in turn, fosters a more inclusive society where everyone has the chance to succeed.
Criticisms and Counterarguments
Financial Sustainability
One of the main criticisms of the Free SHS policy is its financial sustainability. Critics argue that the government may struggle to fund the program in the long term, especially given Ghana’s economic challenges. However, supporters of the policy believe that investing in education is crucial for the country’s future and that the long-term benefits will outweigh the initial costs.
Quality of Education
Another concern is the potential impact of the Free SHS policy on the quality of education. With the increase in enrollment, some fear that the quality of teaching and learning may be compromised. The government, however, has assured the public that measures are being taken to ensure that educational standards are maintained and even improved.
The Free SHS policy, despite its challenges, represents a visionary approach to education in Ghana. President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo’s commitment to providing free and quality education to all Ghanaian students is a commendable effort towards achieving equitable education for all. As the program continues to evolve and improve, it is expected that posterity will indeed vindicate the bold decision to implement Free SHS, highlighting its long-term benefits for Ghana’s development